Bergamot essential oil (nonfiction)

Bergamot essential oil.

Bergamot essential oil is a cold-pressed essential oil produced by cells inside the rind of a bergamot orange fruit. It is a common top note in perfumes.

Bergamot essential oil is a major component of the original Eau de Cologne composed by Farina at the beginning of the 18th-century.

The first record of bergamot oil as a fragrance ingredient is from 1714, found in the Farina Archive in Cologne.

One hundred bergamot oranges will yield about three ounces (85 grams) of bergamot oil.

The scent of bergamot essential oil is similar to a sweet light orange peel oil with a floral note.

Earl Grey tea is a type of black tea flavored with bergamot essential oil as a flavoring, named after Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey.

The bergamot essential oil is particularly subject to adulteration, being an essential oil produced in relatively small quantities. There are two forms of adulteration:

Cutting the oil, i.e. adding distilled essences of poor quality and low cost, for example of bitter orange and bergamot mint and/or mixtures of terpenes, natural or synthetic
"Reconstructing" the essence from synthetic chemicals, coloring it with chlorophyll.

Worldwide, each year, around three thousand tonnes of declared essence of bergamot are marketed, while the genuine essence of bergamot produced annually amounts to no more than one hundred tons.