March 12
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1579: Humanist and philosopher Alessandro Piccolomini dies. Piccolomini promoted vernacular translations of Latin and Greek scientific and philosophical treatises.
1824: Physicist and academic Gustav Kirchhoff born. He will contribute to the fundamental understanding of electrical circuits, spectroscopy, and the emission of black-body radiation by heated objects.
1898: Mathematician and physicist Johann Jakob Balmer dies. He developed an empirical formula for the visible spectral lines of the hydrogen atom.
2016: Mathematician and economist Lloyd Shapley dies. He defined game theory as "a mathematical study of conflict and cooperation."
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