January 14

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  1867: Artist Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres dies. He assumed the role of a guardian of academic orthodoxy against the ascendant Romantic style represented by his nemesis, Eugène Delacroix.

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  1874: Scientist and inventor Johann Philipp Reis dies. He invented the Reis Telephone.

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  1887: Mathematician and academic Hugo Steinhaus born. He will "discover" mathematician Stefan Banach, with whom he will make notable contributions to functional analysis, including the Banach–Steinhaus theorem.

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  1898: Novelist, poet, and mathematician Lewis Carroll dies. He wrote Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass.

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  1901: Mathematician and philosopher Alfred Tarski born. He will be a prolific author, contributing to model theory, metamathematics, algebraic logic, abstract algebra, topology, geometry, measure theory, mathematical logic, set theory, and analytic philosophy.

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  1901: Mathematician Charles Hermite dies. He did research on number theory, quadratic forms, invariant theory, orthogonal polynomials, elliptic functions, and algebra.

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  1978: Mathematician, philosopher, and academic Kurt Gödel dies. His two incompleteness theorems had an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the 20th century.