Template:Selected anniversaries/August 29: Difference between revisions

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||1749: Matthias Bel dies ... pastor and polymath.
||1749: Matthias Bel dies ... pastor and polymath.
||1749: Gilbert Blane born ... physician who, when head of the Navy Medical Board, required (1795) a diet including lemon juice on navy vessels, which virtually eliminated scurvy and its significant lost manpower due to sickness of sailors. The value of citrus juice had been established by James Lind, with his Treatice on Scurvy (1754). Blane also improved sanitary conditions in the Navy by providing supplies of soap and medicines, and was involved with designing rules that were precursors to modern quarantine conditions. He required every surgeon in the service to make regular returns or journals of the state of health and disease onboard their ship. In 1829, he established a prize medal as an incentive for the surgeon producing the best journal. Pic.


||1756: Jan Śniadecki born ... mathematician and astronomer.
||1756: Jan Śniadecki born ... mathematician and astronomer.
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||1816: Johann Hieronymus Schröter dies ... astronomer.
||1816: Johann Hieronymus Schröter dies ... astronomer.


||1831: Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction, leading to the formation of his law of induction.
||1831: Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction, leading to the formation of his law of induction ... Faraday wound a thick iron ring on one side with insulated wire that was connected to a battery. He then wound the opposite side with wire connected to a galvanometer. He found that upon closing the battery circuit, there was a deflection of the galvanometer in the second circuit. Then he was astonished to see the galvanometer needle jump in the opposite direction when the battery circuit was opened. He had discovered that a current was induced in the secondary when a current in the primary was connected and an induced current in the opposite direction when the primary current was disconnected.
 
|link=Charles Darwin (nonfiction)|1831: [[Charles Darwin (nonfiction)|Charles Darwin]] returned home from a geology field trip in North Wales to find letters from Revd. John Henslow and George Peacock informing him that he will soon be invited on a scientific voyage of HMS Beagle.
 
||1842: The design patent, a new form of patent was authorized by Act of Congress. The first U.S. design patent was issued for typefaces and borders to George Bruce of New York City on 9 Nov 1842.


File:Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley.jpg|link=H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|1863: Confederate submarine ''[[H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|H. L. Hunley]]'' sinks during a test run, killing five members of her crew.
File:Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley.jpg|link=H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|1863: Confederate submarine ''[[H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|H. L. Hunley]]'' sinks during a test run, killing five members of her crew.
||1868: Christian Friedrich Schönbein dies ... chemist who is best known for inventing the fuel cell (1838) at the same time as William Robert Grove and his discoveries of guncotton and ozone. Pic.


||1873: Hermann Hankel dies ... mathematician. His 1867 exposition on complex numbers and quaternions is particularly memorable. Pic.
||1873: Hermann Hankel dies ... mathematician. His 1867 exposition on complex numbers and quaternions is particularly memorable. Pic.
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||1937: Otto Ludwig Hölder dies ... mathematician. He will discover Hölder's inequality, a fundamental inequality between integrals and an indispensable tool for the study of Lp spaces. Pic.
||1937: Otto Ludwig Hölder dies ... mathematician. He will discover Hölder's inequality, a fundamental inequality between integrals and an indispensable tool for the study of Lp spaces. Pic.


||1949: Soviet atomic bomb project: The Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb, known as First Lightning or Joe 1, at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan.
||1949: Soviet atomic bomb project: The Soviet Union test their first atomic device, “First Lightning.” It was an an implosive type plutonium bomb, detonated at the Semipalatinsk test range, giving up to a 20 kiloton yield. In the U.S. it was called Joe No. 1 ("Joe" was nickname for Y. Stalin.) This event came five years earlier than anyone in the West had predicted, largely due to one man, the spy Klaus Fuchs. As a Los Alamos physicist, Fuchs had passed detailed blue prints of the original American Trinity bomb design to the Russians. With the emergence of the USSR as a nuclear rival, America's monopoly of atomic weaponry was ended giving the U.S. strong motivation for intensifying its program of nuclear testing. Thus the Cold War was launched. On 23 Sep 1949, President Truman announced the Soviet detonation to the American public.
 
||1962: The dangerous long-range side-effects of DDT and other pesticides was the subject of a press-conference question to President John F. Kennedy. In his reply, he acknowledged Rachel Carson's ground-breaking environmental book on the subject (Silent Spring) and stated that the government was taking a closer look at this.
 
||1965: Astronaut Gordon Cooper in orbit 100 miles above the Earth aboard Gemini 5 held a conversation with aquanaut M. Scott Carpenter in Sealab II which was 205 feet below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. It was was first time an astronaut in space spoke with an aquanaut. Gemini 5 splashed down later in the day.


||1965: The Gemini V spacecraft returns to Earth, landing in the Atlantic Ocean.
||1965: The Gemini V spacecraft returns to Earth, landing in the Atlantic Ocean.
||1982: An atom of a new element was made. It has been given the proposed name of Meitnerium, symbol Mt. Physicists at the Heavy Ion Research Laboratory, Darmstadt, West Germany made and identified element 109 by bombing a target of Bi-209 with accelerated nuclei of Fe-58. After a week of target bombardment a single fused nucleus was produced. The combined energy of two nuclei had to be sufficiently high so that the repulsive forces between the nuclei could be overcome. The team confirmed the existence of element 109 by four independent measurements. The nucleus started to decay 5 ms after striking the detector. This experiment demonstrated the feasibility of using fusion techniques as a method of making new, heavy nuclei.
||1982: The 52,000-mile “Transglobe” expedition completed the first circumnavigation of the world's polar axis. Beginning in 1979, British explorer Ranulph Fiennes with Charles Burton had travelled for three years around the Earth via the Poles circling the earth on longitude 0, the Greenwich Meridian. They had reached the North Pole on 11 Apr 1982, and the South Pole sixteen months before that. Their journey across Antarctica took 67 days, despite the advantages of motorised skidoos. The ocean voyage was undertaken in a craft named Benjamin Bowring. The expedition cost an estimated $18 million.


||1990: Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin dies ... mathematician of who worked in the fields of linear elasticity, singular integrals and numerical analysis: he is best known for the introduction of the concept of "symbol of a singular integral operator", which eventually led to the foundation and development of the theory of pseudodifferential operators. Pic.
||1990: Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin dies ... mathematician of who worked in the fields of linear elasticity, singular integrals and numerical analysis: he is best known for the introduction of the concept of "symbol of a singular integral operator", which eventually led to the foundation and development of the theory of pseudodifferential operators. Pic.


||1990: Manly Palmer Hall dies ... mystic and author.
||1990: Manly Palmer Hall dies ... mystic and author.
||2003: Horace W. Babcock dies ... astronomer, son of Harold Babcock. Working together, they were the first to measure the distribution of magnetic fields over the surface of the Sun. Horace invented and built many astronomical instruments, including a ruling engine which produced excellent diffraction gratings, the solar magnetograph, and microphotometers, automatic guiders, and exposure meters for the 100 and 200-inch telescopes. By combining his polarizing analyzer with the spectrograph he discovered magnetic fields in other stars. He developed important models of sunspots and their magnetism, and was the first to propose adaptive optics (1953). Pic: https://aas.org/obituaries/horace-welcome-babcock-1912-2003


||2007: United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident: Six US cruise missiles armed with nuclear warheads are flown without proper authorization from Minot Air Force Base to Barksdale Air Force Base.
||2007: United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident: Six US cruise missiles armed with nuclear warheads are flown without proper authorization from Minot Air Force Base to Barksdale Air Force Base.

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