Template:Selected anniversaries/August 23: Difference between revisions

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||1540: Guillaume Budé dies ... philosopher and scholar.
||1540: Guillaume Budé dies ... philosopher and scholar.
||1609: The telescope was demonstrated by Galileo.


File:René Descartes.jpg|link=René Descartes (nonfiction)|1638: Descartes' proposal. [[René Descartes (nonfiction)|René Descartes]], in a letter to [[Marin Mersenne (nonfiction)|Marin Mersenne]], proposed his folium (x-cubed + y-cubed = 2axy) as a test case to challenge [[Pierre de Fermat (nonfiction)|Pierre de Fermat]]'s differentiation techniques. To Descartes' embarrassment, Fermat's method worked.  
File:René Descartes.jpg|link=René Descartes (nonfiction)|1638: Descartes' proposal. [[René Descartes (nonfiction)|René Descartes]], in a letter to [[Marin Mersenne (nonfiction)|Marin Mersenne]], proposed his folium (x-cubed + y-cubed = 2axy) as a test case to challenge [[Pierre de Fermat (nonfiction)|Pierre de Fermat]]'s differentiation techniques. To Descartes' embarrassment, Fermat's method worked.  
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||1783: William Tierney Clark born ... engineer, designed the Hammersmith Bridge.
||1783: William Tierney Clark born ... engineer, designed the Hammersmith Bridge.
||1783: Filling of the first hydrogen balloon began, with the gas produced by the action of sulphuric acid on iron. Following the success of the Montgolfier brother's hot air balloon ascent on 5 Jun 1783, a 13-ft (4-m) diameter balloon was built by two brothers named Robert, under the auspices of the French Academy of Sciences. Its construction was supervised by physicist Jacques A.C. Charles, who had suggested the use of hydrogen rather than hot air. The process of filling the balloon took place over several days, beginning at the Place des Victoires, Paris. Because of the crowds, it was moved on the night of 26 Aug to the Champ de Mars, where it was eventually released, on 27 Aug 1783.


||1797: Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant born ... mechanician and mathematician who contributed to early stress analysis and also developed the unsteady open channel flow shallow water equations, also known as the Saint-Venant equations that are a fundamental set of equations used in modern hydraulic engineering. Pic.
||1797: Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant born ... mechanician and mathematician who contributed to early stress analysis and also developed the unsteady open channel flow shallow water equations, also known as the Saint-Venant equations that are a fundamental set of equations used in modern hydraulic engineering. Pic.
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||1869: Robert William Theodore Gunther born ... historian of science, zoologist, and founder of the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford.
||1869: Robert William Theodore Gunther born ... historian of science, zoologist, and founder of the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford.


||1875: William Eccles born ... physicist and engineer.
||1875: William Eccles born ... physicist and engineer. Pic: https://www.computerhope.com/people/william_eccles.htm


||1885: Henry Thomas Tizard ... chemist, inventor and Rector of Imperial College, who developed the modern "octane rating" used to classify petrol, helped develop radar in World War II, and led the first serious studies of UFOs. Pic: https://www.todayinsci.com/8/8_23.htm
||1885: Henry Thomas Tizard ... chemist, inventor and Rector of Imperial College, who developed the modern "octane rating" used to classify petrol, helped develop radar in World War II, and led the first serious studies of UFOs. Pic: https://www.todayinsci.com/8/8_23.htm


||1893: Joseph Fels Ritt born ... mathematician
||1888: Philip Henry Gosse born ... naturalist and science writer who wrote books illustrating such topics as Jamaican wildlife and marine zoology. Stephen Jay Gould called Gosse the “ David Attenborough of his day.” However, he did not accept the theory of evolution, and in his best-known book, Omphalos, he attempted to apply biblical literalism in a way still consistent with uniformitarianism. His premise in the book was criticized by both sides of the debate. He invented the institutional aquarium when on 21 May 1853, he opened the Aquatic Vivarium, the world's first public aquarium in Regent's Park, London. Pic.
 
||1893: Joseph Fels Ritt born ... mathematician. Pic: http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Ritt.html
 
||1899: The first ship-to-shore wireless message to be received in the U.S was: "Sherman is sighted." U.S. Lightship No. 70, San Francisco, announced the arrival of the U.S. Army troopship Sherman to the crowd assembled at the Cliff House. Reporters there from the San Francisco Call, who relayed this information to a city awaiting the return of its hometown regiment from the battlefields of the Spanish-American War. The lightship, miles out at sea in deep fog, relayed this message via wireless telegraphy (later known as radio) through the fog to the Cliff House. This was the first 19th-century working use of wireless telegraphy outside of England. The method was still primitive, using sparks to emit intermittent radio waves and code messages.


||1904: The automobile tire chain is patented.
||1904: The automobile tire chain is patented.
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File:Alice and Niles Dancing.jpg|link=Alice and Niles Dancing|1946: Signed first edition of ''[[Alice and Niles Dancing]]'' sells for ten thousand dollars in charity auction to benefit victims of [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
File:Alice and Niles Dancing.jpg|link=Alice and Niles Dancing|1946: Signed first edition of ''[[Alice and Niles Dancing]]'' sells for ten thousand dollars in charity auction to benefit victims of [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
||Roy Chadwick dies ... aeronautical engineer, who during WW I, designed the Avro 504 trainer. His other designs include the Baby (a truly light aircraft), Avian, and the Anson (used for RAF coastal reconnaissance). In WW II, he developed the Manchester and the famous Lancaster heavy bombers. Later, he worked jet-propelled planes, the Tudor and Ashton. He died in a test flight crash of the Tudor II prototype (control reversal), near Woodford airfield, Manchester. Pic.


||1948: Kostas Georgakis born ... Greek student of geology, who, in the early hours of 19 September 1970, set himself ablaze in Matteotti square in Genoa as a protest against the dictatorial regime of Georgios Papadopoulos. Pic.
||1948: Kostas Georgakis born ... Greek student of geology, who, in the early hours of 19 September 1970, set himself ablaze in Matteotti square in Genoa as a protest against the dictatorial regime of Georgios Papadopoulos. Pic.
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||1973: Hellmuth Kneser dies ... mathematician, who made notable contributions to group theory and topology. His most famous result may be his theorem on the existence of a prime decomposition for 3-manifolds. His proof originated the concept of normal surface, a fundamental cornerstone of the theory of 3-manifolds.
||1973: Hellmuth Kneser dies ... mathematician, who made notable contributions to group theory and topology. His most famous result may be his theorem on the existence of a prime decomposition for 3-manifolds. His proof originated the concept of normal surface, a fundamental cornerstone of the theory of 3-manifolds.
||1977: Bryan Allen won the Kremer Prize for the first human-powered flight as he pedalled the Gossamer Condor for at least a mile at Schafter, California.


||1982: Stanford Moore dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1982: Stanford Moore dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.
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||1988: Hans Lewy dies ... mathematician, known for his work on partial differential equations and on the theory of functions of several complex variables. Pic.
||1988: Hans Lewy dies ... mathematician, known for his work on partial differential equations and on the theory of functions of several complex variables. Pic.
||1989: R. D. Laing dies ... psychiatrist who was noted for his alternative approach to the treatment of schizophrenia. His first book, The Divided Self, was an attempt to explain schizophrenia by using existentialist philosophy to vividly portray the inner world of a schizophrenic, which Laing presented as an attempt to live in an unlivable situation. His work tends to be dismissed by most psychiatrists; however, droves of mentally ill people insist that this was a man who truly understood how they felt. Laing always insisted that psychotherapists should act as shamans, exorcising the illness through a process of mutual catharsis. Since Laing refused to view mental illness in biomedical/clinical terms, he has often been labelled as part of the so-called 'antipsychiatry' movement. Pic.


File:Mir.jpg|link=Mir (nonfiction)|1999: Sensors on the [[Mir (nonfiction)|Mir spacecraft]] detect patterns of electricity which reveal existence of a vast electrical intelligence in the Earth's ionosphere, now known as [[AESOP]].
File:Mir.jpg|link=Mir (nonfiction)|1999: Sensors on the [[Mir (nonfiction)|Mir spacecraft]] detect patterns of electricity which reveal existence of a vast electrical intelligence in the Earth's ionosphere, now known as [[AESOP]].


|File:AESOP.jpg|link=AESOP|[[AESOP]] said to be cause of prophetic dreams among the [[Mir (nonfiction)|Mir]] astronauts.
|File:AESOP.jpg|link=AESOP|[[AESOP]] said to be cause of prophetic dreams among the [[Mir (nonfiction)|Mir]] astronauts.
||1991: Florence Seibert dies ... scientist who developed the protein substance used for the tuberculosis skin test, and contributed to safety measures for intravenous drug therapy. In the early 1920s, she discovered that the sudden fevers that sometimes occurred during intravenous injections were caused by bacteria in the distilled water used to make the protein solutions. She invented a distillation apparatus designed to prevent such contamination. In 1941, her improved TB skin test became the standard test in the U.S. and a year later was adopted by the World Health Organization. It is still in use today. Her later research involved the study of bacteria associated with certain cancers. Pic.


||1991: The World Wide Web is opened to the public.
||1991: The World Wide Web is opened to the public.


File:Myoglobin John Kendrew.jpg|link=John Kendrew (nonfiction)|1999: Biochemist and crystallographer [[John Kendrew (nonfiction)|John Kendrew]] dies.  He shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography.
File:Myoglobin John Kendrew.jpg|link=John Kendrew (nonfiction)|1999: Biochemist and crystallographer [[John Kendrew (nonfiction)|John Kendrew]] dies.  He shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography.
||1999: Charles Davis Hollister dies ... marine geologist whose pioneering studies of the deep-sea floor revealed not tranquil depths but that strong currents and storms occur there. He started the development of the giant piston coring system and in the 1970's, documented the longest continuous record of ocean basin history in a single 100-ft core sample that contained a continuous 65 million-year-long record of ocean-basin history. He also made significant discoveries concerning ocean sediment transport and directed the High Energy Benthic Boundary Layer Experiment (HEBBLE). Also, he initiated the sub-seabed concept and led the international team that studied the scientific feasibility of isolating high-level radioactive material into sediments below the sea floor. Pic: https://www.todayinsci.com/8/8_23.htm


||2004: Leopold Karl Schmetterer dies ... mathematician working on analysis, probability, and statistics. Pic.
||2004: Leopold Karl Schmetterer dies ... mathematician working on analysis, probability, and statistics. Pic.
||Thomas H. Weller dies ... physician, microbiologist and virologist who was a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1954 (which shared with John Enders and Frederick Robbins) for the successful cultivation of poliomyelitis virus in tissue cultures. This made it possible to study the virus “in the test tube,” a procedure that led to the development of polio vaccines. Pic.


||2012: James Burton Serrin dies ... mathematician, and a professor at the University of Minnesota.
||2012: James Burton Serrin dies ... mathematician, and a professor at the University of Minnesota.

Revision as of 15:15, 17 August 2018

  • 1638: Descartes' proposal. René Descartes, in a letter to Marin Mersenne, proposed his folium (x-cubed + y-cubed = 2axy) as a test case to challenge Pierre de Fermat's differentiation techniques. To Descartes' embarrassment, Fermat's method worked.

    1638: Descartes' proposal. René Descartes, in a letter to Marin Mersenne, proposed his folium (x-cubed + y-cubed = 2axy) as a test case to challenge Pierre de Fermat's differentiation techniques. To Descartes' embarrassment, Fermat's method worked.

  • 1829: Mathematician and historian Moritz Cantor born. He will write Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik, which traces the history of mathematics up to 1799.

    1829: Mathematician and historian Moritz Cantor born. He will write Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik, which traces the history of mathematics up to 1799.

  • 1946: Signed first edition of Alice and Niles Dancing sells for ten thousand dollars in charity auction to benefit victims of crimes against mathematical constants.

    1946: Signed first edition of Alice and Niles Dancing sells for ten thousand dollars in charity auction to benefit victims of crimes against mathematical constants.

  • 1966: Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.

    1966: Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.

  • 1999: Sensors on the Mir spacecraft detect patterns of electricity which reveal existence of a vast electrical intelligence in the Earth's ionosphere, now known as AESOP.

    1999: Sensors on the Mir spacecraft detect patterns of electricity which reveal existence of a vast electrical intelligence in the Earth's ionosphere, now known as AESOP.

  • 1999: Biochemist and crystallographer John Kendrew dies. He shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography.

    1999: Biochemist and crystallographer John Kendrew dies. He shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography.

  • 2017: Reality TV show Dennis Paulson of Mars wins Pulitzer Prize for Most Innovative Programming.

    2017: Reality TV show Dennis Paulson of Mars wins Pulitzer Prize for Most Innovative Programming.

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