Nomogram (nonfiction): Difference between revisions
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[[File:Components of a Nomogram.png|250px|thumb|Components of a nomogram.]]A '''nomogram''' (from Greek νόμος ''nomos'', "law" and γραμμή ''grammē'', "line"), also called a '''nomograph''', '''alignment chart''' or '''abaque''', is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a [[Function (nonfiction)|mathematical function]]. | [[File:Components of a Nomogram.png|250px|thumb|Components of a nomogram.]]A '''nomogram''' (from Greek νόμος ''nomos'', "law" and γραμμή ''grammē'', "line"), also called a '''nomograph''', '''alignment chart''' or '''abaque''', is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a [[Function (nonfiction)|mathematical function]]. | ||
The field of '''nomography''' was invented in 1884 by the French engineer Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (1862-1938) and used extensively for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision. | The field of '''nomography''' was invented in 1884 by the French engineer [[Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (nonfiction)|Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne]] (1862-1938) and used extensively for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision. | ||
Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d'Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates. | Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d'Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates. | ||
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* [[Computation (nonfiction)]] | * [[Computation (nonfiction)]] | ||
* [[Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (nonfiction)]] | |||
* [[Function (nonfiction)]] | * [[Function (nonfiction)]] | ||
* [[Slide rule (nonfiction)]] | * [[Slide rule (nonfiction)]] | ||
Revision as of 06:53, 15 April 2018
A nomogram (from Greek νόμος nomos, "law" and γραμμή grammē, "line"), also called a nomograph, alignment chart or abaque, is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a mathematical function.
The field of nomography was invented in 1884 by the French engineer Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (1862-1938) and used extensively for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision.
Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d'Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates.
A nomogram consists of a set of n scales, one for each variable in an equation.
Knowing the values of n-1 variables, the value of the unknown variable can be found, or by fixing the values of some variables, the relationship between the unfixed ones can be studied.
The result is obtained by laying a straightedge across the known values on the scales and reading the unknown value from where it crosses the scale for that variable.
The virtual or drawn line created by the straightedge is called an index line or isopleth.
Other types of graphical calculators such as intercept charts, trilinear diagrams and hexagonal charts are sometimes called nomograms.
In the News
Steganographic analysis of the Ishango bone unexpectedly reveals new class of nomograms.
Fiction cross-reference
- Nomogram - a two-dimensional computational diagram designed to exert force approximately equal to the graphical computation of a mathematical function.
Nonfiction cross-reference
- Computation (nonfiction)
- Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (nonfiction)
- Function (nonfiction)
- Slide rule (nonfiction)
- Volvelle (nonfiction)
External links:
- Nomogram @ Wikipedia
- Online pressure-temperature nomogram. @ sigmaaldrich.com