Template:Selected anniversaries/August 1: Difference between revisions

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||1557 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish archbishop, historian, and cartographer (b. 1490)
||1557: Olaus Magnus dies ... archbishop, historian, and cartographer.


||1767: Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon finished drawing what some describe as "the world's longest straight line." Actually two straight lines, it forms parts of the boundaries between the U.S. states of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.  
||1767: Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon finished drawing what some describe as "the world's longest straight line." Actually two straight lines, it forms parts of the boundaries between the U.S. states of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.  


||Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche (d. 1 August 1769) was a French astronomer, best known for his observations of the transits of Venus in 1761 and 1769.
||1796: Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche dies ... astronomer, best known for his observations of the transits of Venus in 1761 and 1769.


File:Joseph Priestley.jpg|link=Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|1774: British scientist [[Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|Joseph Priestley]] discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
File:Joseph Priestley.jpg|link=Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|1774: British scientist [[Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|Joseph Priestley]] discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
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||1779: Lorenz Oken born ... German naturalist who offered early evolutionary ideas and stimulated comparative anatomy. He theorized (incorrectly) that the skull was a modified vertebra, but formed some fundamental concepts which stimulated further thought from later scientists. In Die Zeugung, he discussed “the infusoria”—elementary units of living organisms—into which all flesh can be broken down. Higher animals, he proposed, consisted of constituent animalcules. Entities, whether plants or animals, became organisms by the fusion of these primal animals. Those elements lose all individuality and create a higher unity. Lorenz Oken wrote many books on natural history for students and adults, founded a scholarly journal (contributing most of its articles), and organized scientific congresses. Pic.
||1779: Lorenz Oken born ... German naturalist who offered early evolutionary ideas and stimulated comparative anatomy. He theorized (incorrectly) that the skull was a modified vertebra, but formed some fundamental concepts which stimulated further thought from later scientists. In Die Zeugung, he discussed “the infusoria”—elementary units of living organisms—into which all flesh can be broken down. Higher animals, he proposed, consisted of constituent animalcules. Entities, whether plants or animals, became organisms by the fusion of these primal animals. Those elements lose all individuality and create a higher unity. Lorenz Oken wrote many books on natural history for students and adults, founded a scholarly journal (contributing most of its articles), and organized scientific congresses. Pic.


||1795 – Clas Bjerkander, Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist (b. 1735)
||1795: Clas Bjerkander dies ... meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist.


File:Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre.png|link=Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (nonfiction)|1818: Mathematician and astronomer [[Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (nonfiction)|Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre]] uses astronomical equations derived from analytical formulas which detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
File:Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre.png|link=Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (nonfiction)|1818: Mathematician and astronomer [[Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (nonfiction)|Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre]] uses astronomical equations derived from analytical formulas which detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
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File:Maria Mitchell.jpg|link=Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|1819: Astronomer and academic [[Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|Maria Mitchell]] born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.
File:Maria Mitchell.jpg|link=Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|1819: Astronomer and academic [[Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|Maria Mitchell]] born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.


||1842 – A parade in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., celebrating the end of slavery in the West Indies was attacked by a mob, leading to three days of riots. Pic.
||1842: A parade in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., celebrating the end of slavery in the West Indies was attacked by a mob, leading to three days of riots. Pic.


||Ivar Otto Bendixson (b. August 1, 1861) was a Swedish mathematician. Pic.
||1861: Ivar Otto Bendixson born ... mathematician. Pic.


File:Radium Jane.jpg|link=Radium Jane|1869: Celebrity time-traveller [[Radium Jane]] falls asleep, relapses into her [[Janet Beta]] state.  
File:Radium Jane.jpg|link=Radium Jane|1869: Celebrity time-traveller [[Radium Jane]] falls asleep, relapses into her [[Janet Beta]] state.  


||1881 – Otto Toeplitz, German mathematician and academic (d. 1940)
||1881: Otto Toeplitz dies ... mathematician and academic.


||1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
||1885: George de Hevesy born ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.


||1889 – Walter Gerlach, German physicist and academic (d. 1979)
||1889: Walter Gerlach born ... physicist and academic.


||1922 – Donát Bánki, Hungarian engineer (b. 1856)
||1896: William Robert Grove dies ... judge and physical scientist. He anticipated the general theory of the conservation of energy, and was a pioneer of fuel cell technology. He invented the Grove voltaic cell. Pic.


||John Clive Ward (b. 1 August 1924) was a British-Australian physicist. He introduced the Ward–Takahashi identity, also known as "Ward Identity" (or "Ward's Identities"). He made significant contributions to quantum solid-state physics, statistical mechanics and the Ising model. Pic.
||1922: Donát Bánki dies ... engineer.
 
||1924: John Clive Ward born ... physicist. He introduced the Ward–Takahashi identity, also known as "Ward Identity" (or "Ward's Identities"). He made significant contributions to quantum solid-state physics, statistical mechanics and the Ising model. Pic.


||1944: Start of MARK series of computers: The MARK I computer began operation at Harvard University. The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator was an electro-mechanical computer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Mark_I
||1944: Start of MARK series of computers: The MARK I computer began operation at Harvard University. The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator was an electro-mechanical computer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Mark_I


||1957 – The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).
||1957: The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).


||1961 – U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation's first centralized military espionage organization.
||1961: U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation's first centralized military espionage organization.


||1967 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian-German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
||1967: Richard Kuhn dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate.


||Erwin Madelung (18 d. 1 August 1972) was a German physicist. He was born in 1881 in Bonn. His father was the surgeon Otto Wilhelm Madelung. He earned a doctorate in 1905 from the University of Göttingen, specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion.
||1972: Erwin Madelung dies ... physicist ... specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion.


File:Gary_Powers.jpg|link=Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|1977: [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.
File:Gary_Powers.jpg|link=Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|1977: [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.
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File:Baron Zersetzung.jpg|link=Baron Zersetzung|1977: Political campaign manager and alleged crime boss [[Baron Zersetzung]] says that [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] "was practically a leftist."
File:Baron Zersetzung.jpg|link=Baron Zersetzung|1977: Political campaign manager and alleged crime boss [[Baron Zersetzung]] says that [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] "was practically a leftist."


||1984 – Commercial peat-cutters discovered the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, North West England.
||1984: Commercial peat-cutters discovered the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, North West England.


||1996 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
||1996: Tadeusz Reichstein dies ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.


||2004 – Philip Abelson, American physicist and author (b. 1913)
||2004: Philip Abelson dies ... physicist and author.


||2007 – Bridge 9340, carrying Interstate 35W across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S., suffered a catastrophic failure and collapsed (pictured), killing 13 people and injuring 145.
||2007: Bridge 9340, carrying Interstate 35W across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S., suffered a catastrophic failure and collapsed (pictured), killing 13 people and injuring 145.


||2015 – Bernard d'Espagnat, French physicist, philosopher, and author (b. 1921)
||2015: Bernard d'Espagnat dies ... physicist, philosopher, and author.


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Revision as of 06:49, 1 September 2018

  • 1774: British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

    1774: British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

  • 1818: Mathematician and astronomer Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre uses astronomical equations derived from analytical formulas which detect and prevent crimes against mathematical constants.

    1818: Mathematician and astronomer Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre uses astronomical equations derived from analytical formulas which detect and prevent crimes against mathematical constants.

  • 1819: Astronomer and academic Maria Mitchell born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.

    1819: Astronomer and academic Maria Mitchell born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.

  • 1869: Celebrity time-traveller Radium Jane falls asleep, relapses into her Janet Beta state.

    1869: Celebrity time-traveller Radium Jane falls asleep, relapses into her Janet Beta state.

  • 1977: Francis Gary Powers dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.

    1977: Francis Gary Powers dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.

  • 1977: Political campaign manager and alleged crime boss Baron Zersetzung says that Francis Gary Powers "was practically a leftist."

    1977: Political campaign manager and alleged crime boss Baron Zersetzung says that Francis Gary Powers "was practically a leftist."

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