Template:Selected anniversaries/December 22: Difference between revisions
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File:Cesare Cremonini.jpg|link=Cesare Cremonini (nonfiction)|1550: Philosopher and academic [[Cesare Cremonini (nonfiction)|Cesare Cremonini]] born. His work will promote rationalism (against revelation) and Aristotelian materialism (against the dualist immortality of the soul) inside scholasticism. | |||
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||1640: Jean de Beaugrand dies ... lineographer of the seventeenth century. Though born in Mulhouse, de Beaugrand moved to Paris in 1581. He also worked as a mathematician and published works on geostatics. He is credited with naming the cycloid. No DOB. Pic: coat of arms. | |||
||1660: André Tacquet dies ... priest and mathematician ... adhered to the methods of the geometry of Euclid and the philosophy of Aristotle and opposed the method of indivisibles. Pic: book cover. | |||
||1693: Elisabeth Catherina Koopmann Hevelius dies ... one of the first female astronomers, and called "the mother of moon charts". She was also the second wife of fellow astronomer Johannes Hevelius. Pic. | |||
File:Elisabeth_Hevelius_(1673).png|link=Elisabeth Hevelius (nonfiction)|1693: Astronomer [[Elisabeth Hevelius (nonfiction)|Elisabeth Hevelius]] dies. One of the first female astronomers, Hevelius is known as "the mother of moon charts". | |||
File:Sir Richard Arkwright by Mather Brown 1790.jpg|link=Richard Arkwright (nonfiction)|1732: Inventor, engineer, and businessman [[Richard Arkwright (nonfiction)|Richard Arkwright]] born. Later in his life Arkwright will be known as the "father of the modern industrial factory system." | |||
File:Johann Friedrich Pfaff.jpg|link=Johann Friedrich Pfaff (nonfiction)|1765: Mathematician [[Johann Friedrich Pfaff (nonfiction)|Johann Friedrich Pfaff]] born. He will work on partial differential equations of the first order Pfaffian systems, as they are now called, which will become part of the theory of differential forms. | |||
||1788: Percivall Pott dies ...physician and surgeon, one of the founders of orthopedics, and the first scientist to demonstrate that a cancer may be caused by an environmental carcinogen. Pic. | |||
||1799: Nicholas Callan born ... priest and physicist. Best known for his work on the induction coil. Pic. | |||
||1804: Louis François Clément Breguet born ... physicist and watchmaker, noted for his work in the early days of telegraphy. Pic. | |||
||1819: Pierre Ossian Bonnet born ... mathematician and academic. Pic. | |||
||1824: Francesco Brioschi born ... mathematician. Pic. | |||
||1828: William Hyde Wollaston dies ... chemist and physicist. Pic. | |||
||1838: Chemist Markovnikov born. Markovnikov is best known for Markovnikov's rule, elucidated in 1869 to describe addition reactions of H-X to alkenes. According to this rule, the nucleophilic X- adds to the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms, while the proton adds to the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms bonded to it. Pic. | |||
||1839: John Nevil Maskelyne born ... stage magician and inventor of the pay toilet, along with other Victorian-era devices. He worked with magicians George Alfred Cooke and David Devant, and many of his illusions are still performed today. His book Sharps and Flats: A Complete Revelation of the Secrets of Cheating at Games of Chance and Skill is considered a classic overview of card sharp practices, and in 1914 he founded the Occult Committee, a group whose remit was to "investigate claims to supernatural power and to expose fraud". Pic. | |||
||1850: Constantin Fahlberg born ... chemist who discovered the sweet taste of anhydroorthosulphaminebenzoic acid in 1877–78 when analysing the chemical compounds in coal tar at Johns Hopkins University for Professor Ira Remsen. Pic. | |||
||1853: Evgraf Fedorov born ... mathematician, crystallographer, and mineralogist. Pic. | |||
File:Giacomo Puccini.jpg|link=Giacomo Puccini (nonfiction)|1858: Composer [[Giacomo Puccini (nonfiction)|Giacomo Puccini]] born. He will be called "the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi". | |||
||1859: Otto Ludwig Hölder dies ... mathematician. He will discover Hölder's inequality, a fundamental inequality between integrals and an indispensable tool for the study of Lp spaces. Pic. | |||
||1867: Jean-Victor Poncelet dies ... French mathematician and engineer. Pic. | |||
||1869: Dmitri Egorov born ... mathematician and academic ... known for significant contributions to the areas of differential geometry and mathematical analysis. Pic. | |||
||1872: Zdzisław Krygowski born - mathematician - has become famous in the history of cryptology for having assisted the Polish General Staff in setting up its cryptology course for Poznań University mathematics students that began on January 15, 1929. Pic search. | |||
||1884: St. Elmo Brady born ... African American chemist and educator. Pic. | |||
||1884: John Chisum dies ... wealthy cattle baron in the American West in the mid-to-late 19th century. Pic. | |||
||1885: August Yulevich Davidov dies ... mathematician and engineer, professor at Moscow University, and author of works on differential equations with partial derivatives, definite integrals, and the application of probability theory to statistics, and textbooks on elementary mathematics. Pic. | |||
File:Srinivasa_Ramanujan.jpg|link=Srinivasa Ramanujan (nonfiction)|1887: Mathematician and theorist [[Srinivasa Ramanujan (nonfiction)|Srinivasa Ramanujan]] born. He will make substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems considered to be unsolvable. | |||
||1828: Eduard Schönfeld born ... astronomer. Pic. | |||
||1891: Asteroid 323 Brucia becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography. Discovered by Max Wolf (pic). Pic: orbital diagram. | |||
||1892: Herman Potočnik born ... rocket engineer and pioneer of cosmonautics (astronautics). He is chiefly remembered for his work addressing the long-term human habitation of space. Pic. | |||
File:Alfred Dreyfus age 76.jpg|link=Alfred Dreyfus (nonfiction)|1894: The [[Dreyfus affair (nonfiction)|Dreyfus affair]] begins in France, when [[Alfred Dreyfus (nonfiction)|Alfred Dreyfus]] is wrongly convicted of treason. | |||
||1897: Vojtěch Jarník born ... mathematician and academic ... ... the namesake of Jarník's algorithm for minimum spanning trees. Jarník worked in number theory, mathematical analysis, and graph algorithms ... also: he found tight bounds on the number of lattice points on convex curves, studied the relationship between the Hausdorff dimension of sets of real numbers and how well they can be approximated by rational numbers, and investigated the properties of nowhere differentiable functions. Pic: https://alchetron.com/Vojt%C4%9Bch-Jarn%C3%ADk | |||
||1898: Vladimir Fock born ... physicist and mathematician. Pic. | |||
||1905: Tommy Flowers dies ... engineer with the British Post Office. During World War II, Flowers designed and built Colossus, the world's first programmable electronic computer, to help solve encrypted German messages. Pic. | |||
||1903: Haldan Keffer Hartline born ... physiologist and academic ... co-recipient (with George Wald and Ragnar Granit) of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in analyzing the neurophysiological mechanisms of vision. Pic. | |||
||1906: Boris Levin born ... mathematician who made significant contributions to function theory. Pic. | |||
||1910: Armand Sabatier dies ... zoologist known for his studies of comparative anatomy of animals, and for his work in photography, discovering and publishing in 1860 the Sabattier effect, also known as pseudo-solarisation. Pic. | |||
||1918: Hermann Theodor Simon dies ... physicist. With Eduard Riecke, he was editor of the physics journal ''Physikalische Zeitschrift''. Pic. | |||
||1918: Edwin Evariste Moise born ... mathematician and mathematics education reformer. Pic. | |||
||1925: Amelie Beese dies ... pilot and engineer. Pic. | |||
||1933: Thomas Greenway Stockham born ... scientist who developed one of the first practical digital audio recording systems, and pioneered techniques for digital audio recording and processing as well. Pic. | |||
||1942: World War II: Adolf Hitler signs the order to develop the V-2 rocket as a weapon. | |||
||1943: Physicist Henri Abraham arrives at concentration camp, probably killed on arrival. He made important contributions to the science of radio waves. He performed some of the first measurements of the propagation velocity of radio waves, helped develop France's first triode vacuum tube, and with Eugene Bloch invented the astable multivibrator. Pic. | |||
||1961: William "Bud" Uanna dies ... American security expert, who gained prominence as a security officer with the Manhattan Project, which built the first atomic bomb during World War II. Uanna was in charge of security at the project's facility at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and later at the 509th Composite Group, which dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the war, he headed the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) program to provide security clearances to its personnel, and developed the top-secret Q clearance. He later served as chief of physical security at the State Department. Pic. | |||
||1964: The first test flight of the SR-71 (Blackbird) took place at Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale, California. | |||
File:Norman Lorimer Dean with his Dean drive.jpg|link=Norman Lorimer Dean (nonfiction)|1972: Inventor [[Norman Lorimer Dean (nonfiction)|Norman Lorimer Dean]] dies. Dean designed the Dean drive, which he promoted as a reactionless drive. | |||
||1996: Jack Hamm dies ... cartoonist and television host. Pic search. | |||
||2000: Herman Feshbach dies ... physicist. He was an Institute Professor Emeritus of physics at MIT. Feshbach is best known for Feshbach resonance and for writing, with Philip M. Morse, Methods of Theoretical Physics. Pic search. | |||
||2003: Wah Ming Chang born ... designer, sculptor, and artist. With the encouragement of his adopted father, James Blanding Sloan, he began exhibiting his prints and watercolors at the age of seven to highly favorable reviews. Chang worked with Sloan on several theatre productions and in the 1940s, they briefly created their own studio to produce films. He is known later in life for his sculpture and the props he designed for Star Trek: The Original Series, including the tricorder and communicator. Pic. | |||
||2014: John Robert Beyster dies ... physicist and academic. Pic search. | |||
||2016: Jack Howard Silver dies ... set theorist, logician, and academic.He made several contributions to set theory in the areas of large cardinals and the constructible universe L. Pic. | |||
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Latest revision as of 17:29, 7 February 2022
1550: Philosopher and academic Cesare Cremonini born. His work will promote rationalism (against revelation) and Aristotelian materialism (against the dualist immortality of the soul) inside scholasticism.
1693: Astronomer Elisabeth Hevelius dies. One of the first female astronomers, Hevelius is known as "the mother of moon charts".
1732: Inventor, engineer, and businessman Richard Arkwright born. Later in his life Arkwright will be known as the "father of the modern industrial factory system."
1765: Mathematician Johann Friedrich Pfaff born. He will work on partial differential equations of the first order Pfaffian systems, as they are now called, which will become part of the theory of differential forms.
1858: Composer Giacomo Puccini born. He will be called "the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi".
1887: Mathematician and theorist Srinivasa Ramanujan born. He will make substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems considered to be unsolvable.
1894: The Dreyfus affair begins in France, when Alfred Dreyfus is wrongly convicted of treason.
1972: Inventor Norman Lorimer Dean dies. Dean designed the Dean drive, which he promoted as a reactionless drive.