Template:Selected anniversaries/January 18: Difference between revisions

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||1779 – Peter Mark Roget, English physician, lexicographer, and theologian (d. 1869)
|| *** DONE: Pics ***


||Sir Edward Frankland, KCB, FRS FRSE (18 January 1825 – 9 August 1899) was a British chemist. He was one of the originators of organometallic chemistry and introduced the concept of combining power or valence. An expert in water quality and analysis, he was a member of the second royal commission on the pollution of rivers, and studied London's water quality for decades. He also studied luminous flames and the effects of atmospheric pressure on dense ignited gas, and was one of the discoverers of helium.
File:Constantinople_imperial_district.png|link=Nika riots (nonfiction)|532: The [[Nika riots (nonfiction)|Nika riots]] fail in Constantinople. Nearly half the city is burned or otherwise destroyed, and tens of thousands of people are dead.


||1853 – Marthinus Nikolaas Ras, South African farmer, soldier, and gun-maker (d. 1900)
||1707: Otto Mencke dies ... philosopher and scientist. He founded ''Acta Eruditorum'', the first scientific journal in Germany, in 1682. Pic.


||1854 – Thomas A. Watson, American assistant to Alexander Graham Bell (d. 1934)
||1779: Peter Mark Roget born ... physician, lexicographer, and theologian. Pic.


||Ivan Georgievich Petrovsky, (b. 18 January 1901) (the family name is also transliterated as Petrovskii or Petrowsky), was a Soviet mathematician working mainly in the field of partial differential equations. He greatly contributed to the solution of Hilbert's 19th and 16th problems, and discovered what are now called Petrovsky lacunas. He also worked on the theories of boundary value problems, probability, and on the topology of algebraic curves and surfaces.
||1788: The first elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from Great Britain to Australia arrive at Botany Bay.


||Daniel Hale Williams (January 18, 1856[1] – August 4, 1931) was an African American general surgeon, who in 1893 performed the second documented successful pericardium surgery to repair a wound in the United States of America.[2][3][4][5] He also founded Provident Hospital---the first non-segregated hospital in the United States---in Chicago, Illinois.
File:Carl Friedrich Gauss 1840 by Jensen.jpg|link=Carl Friedrich Gauss (nonfiction)|1802: [[Carl Friedrich Gauss (nonfiction)|Carl Friedrich Gauss]] read in the newspaper that Olbers had rediscovered Ceres. Gauss wrote to get the observations and a long friendship ensued. Gauss was such an avid newspaper reader that students nicknamed him the “newspaper bear” because of his habits in the library reading room. If someone was reading the paper he wanted he would sit glumly nearby and stare at them until they gave up the paper.  


||Paul Ehrenfest (b. January 18, 1880) was an Austrian and Dutch theoretical physicist, who made major contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and its relations with quantum mechanics, including the theory of phase transition[1] and the Ehrenfest theorem.
File:Edward Frankland.jpg|link=Edward Frankland (nonfiction)|1825: Chemist [[Edward Frankland (nonfiction)|Edward Frankland]] born. He will be one of the originators of organometallic chemistry, introducing the concept of combining power or valence.
 
||1853: Marthinus Nikolaas Ras born ... farmer, soldier, and gun-maker. Pic (with cannon!).
 
||1854: Thomas A. Watson dies ... assistant to Alexander Graham Bell. Pic.
 
||1856: Daniel Hale Williams born ... surgeon, who in 1893 performed the second documented successful pericardium surgery to repair a wound in the United States of America. He also founded Provident Hospital---the first non-segregated hospital in the United States---in Chicago, Illinois. Pic.
 
||1856: Luigi Bianchi born ... mathematician. Pic.
 
||1859: Alfred Lewis Vail dies ... machinist and inventor. Along with Samuel Morse, Vail was central in developing and commercializing American telegraphy between 1837 and 1844. Pic.
 
||1865: James Beaumont Neilson dies ... engineer and businessman ... iron smelting. Pic.
 
File:Charles Dupin.jpg|link=Charles Dupin (nonfiction)|1873: Mathematician, engineer, cartographer, economist, and politician [[Charles Dupin (nonfiction)|Charles Dupin]] dies. In 1826 created the earliest known choropleth map.
 
||1873: Alfred Robb born ... physicist. No pic online, try library.
 
||1874: Hans Reissner born ... aeronautical engineer whose avocation was mathematical physics. He solved Einstein's equation for the metric of a charged point mass.  His Reissner–Nordström metric demonstrated that an electron has a naked singularity rather that an event horizon. Pic.


File:Antoine Becquerel.jpg|link=Antoine César Becquerel (nonfiction)|1878: Physicist and academic [[Antoine César Becquerel (nonfiction)|Antoine César Becquerel]] dies. He pioneered the study of electric and luminescent phenomena.
File:Antoine Becquerel.jpg|link=Antoine César Becquerel (nonfiction)|1878: Physicist and academic [[Antoine César Becquerel (nonfiction)|Antoine César Becquerel]] dies. He pioneered the study of electric and luminescent phenomena.


||1896 – An X-ray generating machine is exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.
||1880: Paul Ehrenfest born ... theoretical physicist, who made major contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and its relations with quantum mechanics, including the theory of phase transition and the Ehrenfest theorem. Pic.
 
||1886: Sōichi Kakeya born ... mathematician who worked mainly in mathematical analysis and who posed the Kakeya problem and solved a version of the transportation problem. Pic: https://www.google.com/search?q=alexandre-théophile+vandermonde


||1901 – Ivan Petrovsky, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1973)
||1896: An X-ray generating machine is exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.


File:Septins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.jpg|link=Transdimensional prison|1907: [[Transdimensional prison|''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae'' Prison]] unable to contain supervillain [[Fugitive Rubies]].
||1901: Ivan Petrovsky born ... mathematician and academic ... Soviet mathematician working mainly in the field of partial differential equations. He greatly contributed to the solution of Hilbert's 19th and 16th problems, and discovered what are now called Petrovsky lacunas. He also worked on the theories of boundary value problems, probability, and on the topology of algebraic curves and surfaces. Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=Ivan+Petrovsky
 
||1905: Joseph Bonanno born ... mob boss. Pic.


File:Jacob Bronowski.jpg|link=Jacob Bronowski (nonfiction)|1908: Mathematician, historian of science, theatre author, poet, and inventor [[Jacob Bronowski (nonfiction)|Jacob Bronowski]] born.
File:Jacob Bronowski.jpg|link=Jacob Bronowski (nonfiction)|1908: Mathematician, historian of science, theatre author, poet, and inventor [[Jacob Bronowski (nonfiction)|Jacob Bronowski]] born.


||1921 – Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
||1911: Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco Bay, the first time an aircraft landed on a ship. Pic.
 
File:Sakata Shoichi.jpg|link=Shoichi Sakata (nonfiction)|1911: Physicist [[Shoichi Sakata (nonfiction)|Shoichi Sakata]] born. Sakata will contribute theoretical work on the structure of the atom, proposing the Sakata model, an early precursor to the quark model. After World War II he will campaign for the peaceful uses of nuclear power.
 
||1921: Belding Hibbard Scribner born ... physician and a pioneer in kidney dialysis. Pic search good: https://www.google.com/search?q=Belding+Hibbard+Scribner
 
||1921: Yoichiro Nambu born ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
 
||1923: Boleslav Kornelievich Mlodzeevskii dies ... mathematician, a former president of the Moscow Mathematical Society. He will work in differential and algebraic geometry. Pic.
 
|File:Crossword.png|link=Crossword (nonfiction)|1924: First use of [[Crossword (nonfiction)|crossword puzzles]] powered by [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
 
||1926: Randolph Bromery born ... geologist and academic. Pic search
 
||1933: Ray Dolby born ... engineer and businessman, founded Dolby Laboratories. Pic.


File:Crossword.png|link=Crossword (nonfiction)|1923: [[Crossword (nonfiction)|crossword puzzle]] modified for use with [[Gnomon algorithm functions]].
||1955: Rodica Eugenia Simion born ... mathematician. She was the Columbian School Professor of Mathematics at George Washington University. Her research concerned combinatorics: she was a pioneer in the study of permutation patterns, and an expert on noncrossing partitions. Pic: https://gilkalai.wordpress.com/2010/01/07/rodica-simion-immigrant-complex/


||1926 – Randolph Bromery, American geologist and academic (d. 2013)
||1963: Edward Charles Titchmarsh dies ... mathematician. Pic search.


||1933 – Ray Dolby, American engineer and businessman, founded Dolby Laboratories (d. 2013)
||1971: Arnold Nordsieck dies ... theoretical physicist. He is best known for his work with Felix Bloch on the infrared problem in quantum electrodynamics. He developed the inertial electrostatic gyroscope (ESG) used as part of the inertial navigation system of nuclear submarines that allows them to remain underwater without having to surface to ascertain their location. Pic: https://www.ion.org/museum/item_view.cfm?cid=2&scid=4&iid=30


File:Enrico Fermi 1943-49.jpg|link=Enrico Fermi (nonfiction)|1937: [[Enrico Fermi (nonfiction)|Enrico Fermi]] invents new class of [[Gnomon algorithms]] which reverse effects of certain [[crimes against mathematical constants]].  
||1995: Adolf Butenandt dies ... biochemist and academic, sex hormones, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


File:Vuvuzela spectrum.png|link=Vuvuzela of Doom|1969: [[Vuvuzela of Doom]] announces world tour.
||2000: The Tagish Lake meteorite falls at 16:43 UTC in the Tagish Lake area in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Following the reported sighting of a fireball in southern Yukon and northern British Columbia, Canada, more than 500 fragments of the meteorite were collected from the lake's frozen surface. Pic.


||1995 – Adolf Butenandt, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)
||2008: The Euphronios Krater is unveiled in Rome after being returned to Italy by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Pic.


File:Exponential-growth-diagram.svg|link=Crimes against mathematical constants|1997: New class of [[Crimes against mathematical constants]] "are overrated."
||2010: Herbert Reuben John Grosch dies ... early computer scientist, perhaps best known for Grosch's law, which he formulated in 1950. Grosch's Law is an aphorism that states "economy is as the square root of the speed." Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=Herbert+Reuben+John+Grosch


||2013 – Jim Horning, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1942)
||2013: Jim Horning dies ... computer scientist and academic. His interests included programming languages, programming methodology, specification, formal methods, digital rights management and computer/network security. A major contribution was his involvement with the Larch approach to formal specification Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=jim+horning


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Latest revision as of 13:06, 17 January 2022

  • 532: The Nika riots fail in Constantinople. Nearly half the city is burned or otherwise destroyed, and tens of thousands of people are dead.

    532: The Nika riots fail in Constantinople. Nearly half the city is burned or otherwise destroyed, and tens of thousands of people are dead.

  • 1802: Carl Friedrich Gauss read in the newspaper that Olbers had rediscovered Ceres. Gauss wrote to get the observations and a long friendship ensued. Gauss was such an avid newspaper reader that students nicknamed him the “newspaper bear” because of his habits in the library reading room. If someone was reading the paper he wanted he would sit glumly nearby and stare at them until they gave up the paper.

    1802: Carl Friedrich Gauss read in the newspaper that Olbers had rediscovered Ceres. Gauss wrote to get the observations and a long friendship ensued. Gauss was such an avid newspaper reader that students nicknamed him the “newspaper bear” because of his habits in the library reading room. If someone was reading the paper he wanted he would sit glumly nearby and stare at them until they gave up the paper.

  • 1825: Chemist Edward Frankland born. He will be one of the originators of organometallic chemistry, introducing the concept of combining power or valence.

    1825: Chemist Edward Frankland born. He will be one of the originators of organometallic chemistry, introducing the concept of combining power or valence.

  • 1873: Mathematician, engineer, cartographer, economist, and politician Charles Dupin dies. In 1826 created the earliest known choropleth map.

    1873: Mathematician, engineer, cartographer, economist, and politician Charles Dupin dies. In 1826 created the earliest known choropleth map.

  • 1878: Physicist and academic Antoine César Becquerel dies. He pioneered the study of electric and luminescent phenomena.

    1878: Physicist and academic Antoine César Becquerel dies. He pioneered the study of electric and luminescent phenomena.

  • 1908: Mathematician, historian of science, theatre author, poet, and inventor Jacob Bronowski born.

    1908: Mathematician, historian of science, theatre author, poet, and inventor Jacob Bronowski born.

  • 1911: Physicist Shoichi Sakata born. Sakata will contribute theoretical work on the structure of the atom, proposing the Sakata model, an early precursor to the quark model. After World War II he will campaign for the peaceful uses of nuclear power.

    1911: Physicist Shoichi Sakata born. Sakata will contribute theoretical work on the structure of the atom, proposing the Sakata model, an early precursor to the quark model. After World War II he will campaign for the peaceful uses of nuclear power.

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